Informatics Practices syllabus 2025-26
Unit-wise topics and marks for Class 11 and Class 12 IP (subject code 065), from the CBSE Senior Secondary curriculum. Use it to see which NCERT topics are assessed.
Class 11
| Unit | Marks |
|---|---|
| Introduction to Computer System | 10 |
| Introduction to Python | 25 |
| Database concepts and the Structured Query Language | 30 |
| Introduction to Emerging Trends | 5 |
| Practical | 30 |
| Practical | Marks |
|---|---|
| Problem solving using Python programming language | 11 |
| Creating database using MySQL and performing queries | 7 |
| Practical file (minimum 14 Python programs and 14 SQL queries) | 7 |
| Viva-voce | 5 |
Unit 1: Introduction to Computer System
Introduction to computer and computing: evolution of computing devices, components of a computer system and their interconnections, Input/output devices. Computer Memory: Units of memory, types of memory – primary and secondary, data deletion, its recovery and related security concerns. Software: purpose and types – system and application software, generic and specific purpose software.
Unit 2: Introduction to Python
Basics of Python programming, execution modes: - interactive and script mode, the structure of a program, indentation, identifiers, keywords, constants, variables, types of operator, precedence of operators, data types, mutable and immutable data types, statements, expression evaluation, comments, input and output statements, data type conversion, debugging. Control Statements: if-else, if-elif-else, while loop, for loop Lists: list operations - creating, initializing, traversing and manipulating lists, list methods and built-in functions – len(),list(),append(),insert(), count(),index(),remove(), pop(), reverse(), sort(), min(),max(),sum() Dictionary: concept of key-value pair, creating, initializing, traversing, updating and deleting elements, dictionary methods and built-in functions – dict(), len(), keys(), values(), items(), update(), del(), clear() Introduction to NumPy: Introduction, Creation of NumPy Arrays from List
Unit 3: Database concepts and the Structured Query Language
Database Concepts: Introduction to database concepts and its need, Database Management System. Relational data model: Concept of domain, tuple, relation, candidate key, primary key, alternate key Advantages of using Structured Query Language, Data Definition Language, Data Query Language and Data Manipulation Language, Introduction to MySQL, creating a database using MySQL, Data Types Data Definition: CREATE DATABASE, CREATE TABLE, DROP, ALTER Data Query: SELECT, FROM, WHERE with relational operators, BETWEEN, logical operators, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL Data Manipulation: INSERT, DELETE,UPDATE
Unit 4: Introduction to the Emerging Trends
Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Immersive experience (AR, VR), Robotics, Big data and its characteristics, Internet of Things (IoT), Sensors, Smart cities, Cloud Computing and Cloud Services (SaaS, IaaS, PaaS); Grid Computing, Block chain technology.
Class 12
| Unit | Marks |
|---|---|
| Data Handling using Pandas and Data Visualization | 25 |
| Database Query using SQL | 25 |
| Introduction to Computer Networks | 10 |
| Societal Impacts | 10 |
| Practical | 30 |
| Practical | Marks |
|---|---|
| Programs using Pandas and Matplotlib | 8 |
| SQL queries | 7 |
| Practical file (min. 15 Pandas, 4 Matplotlib programs and 15 SQL queries) | 5 |
| Project work (using concepts of Class XI and XII) | 5 |
| Viva-voce | 5 |
Unit 1: Data Handling using Pandas -I
Introduction to Python libraries- Pandas, Matplotlib; Data structures in Pandas - Series and Data Frames. Series: Creation of Series from – ndarray, dictionary, scalar value; mathematical operations; Head() and Tail() functions; Selection, Indexing and Slicing. Data Frames: creation- from dictionary of Series, list of dictionaries, Text/CSV files, display; iteration; Operations on rows and columns: add, select, delete, rename; Head and Tail functions; Indexing using Labels, Boolean Indexing; Importing/Exporting Data between CSV files and Data Frames. Data Visualization Purpose of plotting; drawing and saving following types of plots using Matplotlib – line plot, bar graph, histogram Customizing plots: adding label, title, and legend in plots.
Unit 2: Database Query using SQL
Revision of database concepts and SQL commands covered in class XI Math functions: POWER (), ROUND (), MOD (). Text functions: UCASE ()/UPPER (), LCASE ()/LOWER (), MID ()/SUBSTRING ()/SUBSTR (), LENGTH (), LEFT (), RIGHT (), INSTR (), LTRIM (), RTRIM (), TRIM (). Date Functions: NOW (), DATE (), MONTH (), MONTHNAME (), YEAR (), DAY (), DAYNAME (). Aggregate Functions: MAX (), MIN (), AVG (), SUM (), COUNT (); using COUNT (*). Querying and manipulating data using Group by, Having, Order by. Working with two tables using equi-join
Unit 3: Introduction to Computer Networks
Introduction to networks, Types of network: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN. Network Devices: modem, hub, switch, repeater, router, gateway Network Topologies: Star, Bus, Tree, Mesh. Introduction to Internet, URL, WWW, and its applications- Web, email, Chat, VoIP. Website: Introduction, difference between a website and webpage, static vs dynamic web page, web server and hosting of a website. Web Browsers: Introduction, commonly used browsers, browser settings, add-ons and plug-ins, cookies.
Unit 4: Societal Impacts
Digital footprint, net and communication etiquettes, data protection, intellectual property rights (IPR), plagiarism, licensing and copyright, free and open source software (FOSS), cybercrime and cyber laws, hacking, phishing, cyber bullying, overview of Indian IT Act. E-waste: hazards and management. Awareness about health concerns related to the usage of technology.